The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index tracks changes in pressure patterns and the jet stream in the North Atlantic.
News & Features
The oceans have absorbed about 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases from 1971–2020.
The Pacific-North America (PNA) index tracks changes in high and low pressure patterns that affect weather across North America.
Sea level has risen 8-9 inches since 1880, and the rate of increase has accelerated over the satellite era.
The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) tracks changes in pressure and wind across the tropical Pacific during El Niño and La Niña.
Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover has been below average most of the past two decades.
The sun’s activity during the most recent complete cycle was among the lowest in a century.
Earth's temperature has risen about 2 °F (1.1 ˚C) since the start of the NOAA record in 1850.
To better care for our Earth and mitigate the effects of climate change, we must first look to the ocean. This Earth Day, NOAA invite you to learn more about contributions to the global ocean observing system.